diff --git a/guix/nar.scm b/guix/nar.scm
index 9ba6e4ce2c6..5bf174554c7 100644
--- a/guix/nar.scm
+++ b/guix/nar.scm
@@ -177,8 +177,13 @@ sub-directories of FILE as needed."
         ((directory)
          (write-string "type" p)
          (write-string "directory" p)
-         (let ((entries (remove (cut member <> '("." ".."))
-                                (scandir f))))
+         (let* ((select? (negate (cut member <> '("." ".."))))
+
+                ;; 'scandir' defaults to 'string-locale<?' to sort files, but
+                ;; this happens to be case-insensitive (at least in 'en_US'
+                ;; locale on libc 2.18.)  Conversely, we want files to be
+                ;; sorted in a case-sensitive fashion.
+                (entries (scandir f select? string<?)))
            (for-each (lambda (e)
                        (let ((f (string-append f "/" e)))
                          (write-string "entry" p)
diff --git a/tests/nar.scm b/tests/nar.scm
index 7ae8cf0aa7c..16a78453422 100644
--- a/tests/nar.scm
+++ b/tests/nar.scm
@@ -19,10 +19,14 @@
 (define-module (test-nar)
   #:use-module (guix nar)
   #:use-module (guix store)
-  #:use-module ((guix hash) #:select (open-sha256-input-port))
+  #:use-module ((guix hash)
+                #:select (open-sha256-port open-sha256-input-port))
+  #:use-module ((guix packages)
+                #:select (base32))
   #:use-module (rnrs bytevectors)
   #:use-module (rnrs io ports)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
+  #:use-module (srfi srfi-11)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-34)
   #:use-module (srfi srfi-35)
@@ -190,6 +194,27 @@
     (write-file input output)
     #t))
 
+(test-equal "write-file puts file in C locale collation order"
+  (base32 "0sfn5r63k88w9ls4hivnvscg82bqg8a0w7955l6xlk4g96jnb2z3")
+  (let ((input (string-append %test-dir ".input")))
+    (dynamic-wind
+      (lambda ()
+        (define (touch file)
+          (call-with-output-file (string-append input "/" file)
+            (const #t)))
+
+        (mkdir input)
+        (touch "B")
+        (touch "Z")
+        (touch "a")
+        (symlink "B" (string-append input "/z")))
+      (lambda ()
+        (let-values (((port get-hash) (open-sha256-port)))
+          (write-file input port)
+          (get-hash)))
+      (lambda ()
+        (rm-rf input)))))
+
 (test-assert "write-file + restore-file"
   (let* ((input  (string-append (dirname (search-path %load-path "guix.scm"))
                                 "/guix"))